Many people who habitually take nsaids or aspirin have concurrent. Ulcerations in the git involve mucosal erosions of more than 0. Epigastric pain is the most common symptom of both gastric and duodenal ulcers, characterized by a gnawing or burning sensation and that occurs after. Although pud is most commonly caused by helicobacter pylori infection or use of nonsteroidal anti. People who take nsaids such as aspirin and ibuprofen longterm or are infected with the bacteria h. Helicobacter pylori hp in patients with suspected peptic ulcer disease pud. Until recently the factors responsible for peptic ulcers remained unclear.
Pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease rtt symptoms. Here are five 5 nursing care plans ncp for peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcer disease ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Peptic ulcer disease deaths in the philippines reached 6,234 or 1. When these defense mechanisms are disrupted, for example, by the bacterium helicobacter pylori or aspirin, people may develop gastritis or peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcer disease remains an important cause of morbidity and health care costs. Caga and vaca genotypes in peptic ulcer disease and nonulcer dyspepsia. Acid perfusion of duodenal ulcer craters and ulcer pain. Interestingly, those at the highest risk of contracting peptic ulcer disease are those generations born around the middle of the 20th century. However, it is also becoming clear that of all the abnormal functions noted, few are present in all subjects and many are clustered in subgroups. Walsh, mdt recent advanccs have led to improved understanding of peptic ulcer pathophysiology. Jan 24, 2019 pathophysiology of peptic ulcer peptic ulcers are defects or corrosions in the gastric or duodenal mucosa that extend through the muscularis mucosa.
In united states alone around 4 million individuals are affected. Peptic ulcer disease pud abc medicine nursing school notes nursing schools med surg nursing nursing information peptic ulcer medical surgical nursing rn school nursing mnemonics pathophysiology nursing. Peptic ulcer disease is common condition throughout the world. Pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease free download as word doc. In this fundamental study it was shown for the first time that maximal acid output as induced by histalog considerably overlaps between healthy subjects and the wide spectrum of peptic ulcer disease. Factors concerned with mucosal defense are relatively more important than aggressive factors such as acid and pepsin. Gastroenterologist and hepatologist sina hospital tehran university of medical sciences this slide is skipped while presenting html view of the presentation. Peptic ulcer has unquestionably been a disease of the twentieth century. Pain is most common, often localized to the epigastrium and relieved by food or antacids. Aug 10, 2014 a duodenal ulcer is a circumscribed lesion in the mucosal membranes of the proximal part of the small intestines.
The concept of acid in peptic ulcer disease, which was the basis of treatment of peptic ulcer was revolutionized by the discovery of h 2receptor antagonists, that led to the principle of acid suppression therapy for duodenal ulcer which followed decades of. Drug therapy in peptic ulcer disease the treatment of peptic ulcer disease has undergone a revolution in the past decade. The stomach lining is maintained by the gastric mucus to prevent irritation, however, because of certain factors, the stomach lining becomes irritated for prolonged periods. Over the last 2 decades significant advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease. Esophageal ulcer open sores or lesions in the lining of esophagus mostly occur in the lower end of esophagus causes associated with bad case of. An overview of history, pathogenesis and treatment of. A peptic ulcer stomach ulcer is a sore on the lining of your stomach or duodenum. Gastric and duodenal ulcers usually cannot be differentiated based on history alone, although some findings may be suggestive see ddx. Menguy, md, chicago, illinois although it has been customary to klbel all ulcerating lesions in the gastroduodcnal area under the heading of peptic ulcer, it has become abundantly clear in recent years that there are fundamental differences between various types of mucosal lesions attecting the gastroduodenal segment of the alimentary tract and that. Erosion of a circumscribed area of mucous membrane is the cause. Gitu, md, florida state university college of medicine family medicine. Gastric ulcers are associated with corpus gastritis, which is believed to damage the epithelium 24. Peptic ulcer disease stomach gastroenterology scribd. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer, while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer.
A dull or burning pain in the stomach is the most common symptom of peptic ulcers stomach ulcers. Decreased mucosal defense against gastric acid is another cause. Pud can develop in the lower esophagus, stomach, duodenum. Peptic ulcer, because of its frequency and wide distribution throughout the world, continues to be the subject of numerous investigations, both experimental and clinicopathological. Nursing school notes nursing schools med surg nursing nursing information peptic ulcer medical surgical nursing rn school nursing mnemonics pathophysiology nursing. The natural history of peptic ulcer ranges from healing without intervention to the development of complications with the potential for significant morbidity and mortality, such as bleeding and perforation. Pathophysiology pud peptic ulcer indigestion free 30.
An estimated 15,000 deaths per year occur as a consequence of complication of peptic ulcers. Pathophysiology, complications, health perception and management duodenal ulcer, diagnostic studies, nursing care plan. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Peptic ulcer disease pud is defined as the mucosal break of the upper gastro intestinal tract due to acid peptic digestion resulting in ulcer formation which extends beyond the muscularis. Before the discovery of h2receptor antagonists various antiacids were used, but had to be used at frequent intervals in order to be affective. Definition of peptic ulcer epidemiology risk factors pathophysiology causes clinical manifestation diagnosis treatment prevention peptic ulcer. Hemorrhage hemorrha in stool toxins into the peritoneal. The pain is described as burning or gnawing, or sometimes as a sensation of hunger.
The bicarbonate within and under the mucus helps neutralize stomach acid. Duodenal ulcer nursing case studies with pathophysiology. Peptic ulcer disease ppt medical specialties clinical. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 2. Peptic ulcer disease represents a serious medical problem. Peptic ulcer disease or simply peptic ulcer is the presence of ulcerations in the gastrointestinal tract, which is characterized by being acidic and extremely painful. Pylori ellison nsaids syndrome helicobacter pylori infection. The most common causes of peptic ulcers are infection with the bacterium helicobacter pylori h. The pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease pubmed. Case study on peptic ulcer disease peptic ulcer nausea. In this fundamental study it was shown for the first time that maximal acid output as induced by histalog considerably overlaps between healthy subjects and. Pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease and h pylori.
Acute ulcers and erosions present clinically with gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation. A peptic ulcer may be referred to as a gastric, duodenal, or. Favors gastric metaplasia in the first part of duodenum. It follows a chronic course characterized by remission and exacerbation, commonly requiring surgery. A peptic ulcer is a defect in the gastric or duodenal mucosa that extends through the muscularis mucosa into the deeper layers of the wall. Case study on peptic ulcer disease free download as powerpoint presentation. Peptic ulcer dse pathophysiology peptic ulcer stomach scribd. Peptic ulcer disease includes both gastric and duodenal ulcers which posed a major threat to the worlds population over the past two centuries with a high morbidity and mortality.
A condition in wc there is discontinuity in the entire thickness of the gastric or duodenal mucosa break in the lining of the stomach or the duodenum penetrating down to the muscularis mucosa. Pathophysiology of peptic ulcer free download as word doc. Peptic ulcer disease is an excavation hollowedout area that forms in the mucosal wall of the stomach. A basic paradigm for ulcer disease is the imbalance between the digestive activity of acid and pepsin and the protective mechanisms in place to resist mucosal digestion.
Peptic ulcer disease pud is a break in the inner lining of the stomach, the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus. The most drastic change has been the recognition of the association between peptic ulcer disease and h. Crohns disease is an inflammatory disease of the intestines that can affect any part. Maximal histalog test in control subjects and patients with peptic ulcer. The interaction of these two factors in peptic ulcer disease is controversial. Hostile factors no gastric acid, no peptic ulcer is a misconception. The stomach acids are very potent in irritating the stomach lining especially when the stomach is empty. This revolution, based on advances in cellular biology, pharmacology, and health care delivery, has changed forever the treatment of.
Approximately 500,000 new cases are reported each year, with 5 million people affected in the united states alone. In this respect it occupies a place secondary only to carcinoma in the field of gastroenterology. Peptic ulcer disease free download as powerpoint presentation. Mar 25, 2020 peptic ulcer disease can involve the stomach or duodenum.
Fakhreyaseri h, shakaraby m, bradaran hr, soltani arabshahi sk, fakhre yaseri am 2014. Apr 12, 2019 the nursing goals of a client with a peptic ulcer disease include reducing or eliminating contributing factors, promoting comfort measures, promoting optimal nutrition, decreasing anxiety with increased knowledge of disease, management, and prevention of ulcer recurrence and preventing complications. The evolution of knowledge regarding etiopathogenesis of peptic acid disease from aciddriven disease to an infectious disease has opened up this topic for various. Risk factors peak incidence of duodenal ulcers between ages 25 and 50. Peptic ulcer disease pud is a sore on the lining of the duodenum or stomach which occurs when the presence of some aggressive factors overwhelm that of the protective factors mucin secretion. The predominant causes in the united states are infection with helicobacter pylori and use of nonsteroidal anti. Rare before the end of the previous century, peptic ulcer became increasingly frequent, reaching a peak during the next 50 years and afflicting as many as 10 per cent of men. Download as docx, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. The clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment for gastric vs. Peptic ulcer disease continued during 19751996, from 4 p. Etiology and pathophysiology peptic ulcer disease encompasses gastric, duodenal, and esophageal ulcers, with common etiologies of helicobacterpylori infection, nsaid use, and stressrelated. Peptic ulcer disease usually occurs in the stomach and proximal duodenum.
Peptic ulcer disease msd manual professional edition. Symptoms of peptic ulcer disease depend on ulcer location and patient age. Peptic ulcer disease including both gastric and duodenal ulcer form a substantial part of patients seeking surgical opinion worldwide. Excessive gastric acid secretion is only one factor in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcer disease stomach gastrointestinal tract scribd. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. The most common symptoms of a duodenal ulcer are waking at night with upper abdominal pain and upper abdominal pain that improves. A understand the pathophysiology of acute and chronic peptic ulcer b know the possible causes of gastric and duodenal ulcers with emphasis on most common causes h pylori and drugs c recognize the gross and microscopic features of peptic ulcer d recognize the clinical features and consequences of acute and chronic peptic ulcer. Peptic ulcer disease in slesinger and fordtrans gastrointestinal and liver disease, 9, 2010.
Heterogeneity is the most important consideration in the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease. Factors concerned with mucosal defense are relatively more im. Ulcers are caused by an infection of a bacterium known as helicobacter pylori or h. Duodenal ulcer nursing case studies with pathophysiology and. Peptic ulcer dse pathophysiology free download as powerpoint. Start studying pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease and h pylori.
Duodenal ulcer the peptic ulcer having a sore on the upper part of small intestine causes h. Peptic ulcer, lesion that occurs primarily in the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum the upper segment of the small intestine. Diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer disease and h. Recent evidence indicates genetic and familial factors in duodenal ulcer and increased acidpepsin secretion in response to a variety of stimuli. Peptic ulcer disease is one of the most common disorders in the united states, accounting for a significant portion of visits to medical providers. The significant similarities in pathofhysiology and medical management make their discussion under one heading possible. Knowledge about causes of peptic ulcer disease united. Historically, our understanding of the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease focused on abnormalities in the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin, and on. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease springerlink.
Whereas surgery was previously a frequent solution for chronic peptic ulcer disease,2 this is now almost exclusively reserved for the emergency situ ation and in. Introduction to gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcer disease online medical video lecturio. Peptic ulcer disease pudabc medicine nursing information. Giving of medications plotting the vs in the tpr nursing care. Definition peptic ulcer disease involves ulcers, circumscribed breaks in the mucosa, involving the duodenum duodenal ulcers, the stomach gastric ulcers and less commonly the distal esophagus and the jejunum. Peptic ulcer can occur at any age, although they are rare in children. Peptic ulcers may present with dyspeptic or other gastrointestinal symptoms, or may be initially asymptomatic and then present with complications such as. Peptic ulcer disease symptoms, treatment, pathophysiology. Lifestyle, stress, and genes in peptic ulcer disease. Eradication of the infection heals peptic ulcer disease, restores normal acid secretion and prevents ulcer relapse 25. The mucus coats the inside of the stomach to protect it from being damaged by acid and digestive enzymes. The epithelial cells of the stomach and duodenum secrete mucus as a result of cholinergic stimulation in response to irritation of the epithelial lining. The pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease springerlink.
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